The Middleton Railway Museum is in the original Dominion Atlantic Railway Station, which opened in January 1917. It was completed in just seven months after the three-story 1890 station was destroyed by fire. After the last passenger run in January 1990, the station and rail line were soon abandoned by the Canadian Pacific Railway. The station and surrounding land passed to the Province of Nova Scotia and then, in February 2021, to the Middleton Railway Society.

The Society, with assistance from CN and the Province, moved CNR 4-6-0 1274 to the station in December 2020. Built in Montreal in 1905, it is the fourth oldest surviving CN steam locomotive. Volunteers are restoring its cab and tender to their 1956 appearance. 1274, and our 1948 boxcar may be viewed at any time.  In February 2023, the Nova Scotia Museum of Industry donated former CNR 0-6-0 7260.  This 104-ton steamer was built by the Canadian Locomotive Company in Kingston, Ontario, and is the oldest surviving example of this company's craftsmanship.  It worked for many years in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia and assembled trains that would have travelled to Middleton.  

Also, in February 2023, the Museum acquired two industrial switching locomotives from the Museum of Industry.  A Vulcan diesel locomotive built in Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, in 1928 served the Mersey Paper Company in Brooklyn, Nova Scotia.  A Plymouth gasoline switcher built in Ohio in 1943 served owners in Alberta and New Brunswick before coming to the Wallace Quarry, where it ran until 1991.

In the spring of 2024, the Museum will open a locally themed HO model railway in the freight shed portion of the station. Visitors welcome!